期刊
WATER
卷 12, 期 7, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w12072072
关键词
Wax Lake Delta; coastal Louisiana; sediment deposition; vegetation; coastal restoration
资金
- Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority (CPRA) through the Coastal Science Assistantship Program (CSAP)
- pFund through the Board of Regents
- National Science Foundation-Coupled Natural Human systems grant [DBCS 1212112]
- Department of the Interior South-Central Climate Adaptation Science Center [G12AC00002]
Sediment transport in coastal regions is regulated by the interaction of river discharge, wind, waves, and tides, yet the role of vegetation in this interaction is not well understood. Here, we evaluated these variables using multiple acoustic and optical sensors deployed for 30-60 days in spring and summer/fall 2015 at upstream and downstream stations in Mike Island, a deltaic island within the Wax Lake Delta, LA, USA. During a flooding stage, semidiurnal and diurnal tidal impact was minimal on an adjacent river channel, but significant in Mike Island where vegetation biomass was low and wave influence was greater downstream. During summer/fall, a vegetated channel constricted the water flow, decreasing current speeds from similar to 13 cm/s upstream to nearly zero downstream. Synchrony between the upstream and downstream water levels in spring (R-2= 0.91) decreased in summer/fall (R-2= 0.84) due to dense vegetation, which also reduced the wave heights from 3-20 cm (spring) to nearly 0 cm (summer/fall). Spatial and temporal differences in total inorganic nitrogen and orthophosphate concentrations in the overlying and sediment porewater were evident as result of vegetation growth and expansion during summer/fall. This study provides key hourly/daily data and information needed to improve the parameterization of biophysical models in coastal wetland restoration projects.
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