Toward All Slot-Die Fabricated High Efficiency Large Area Perovskite Solar Cell Using Rapid Near Infrared Heating in Ambient Air

Currently, high-efficiency perovskite solar cells are mainly fabricated by the spin-coating process, which limits the possibility of commercial mass-production of perovskite solar cells. In this work, the slot-die coating process is combined with near-infrared irradiation heating to quickly manufacture perovskite solar cells in air. The composition of the perovskite precursor solution is tuned by adding n-butanol, with its low boiling point and low surface tension, to increase the near-infrared energy absorption, facilitate the evaporation of the solvent system and film formation, and accelerate the crystallization of perovskite. High-quality uniform perovskite film can be prepared within 18 s. Moreover, the all slot-die coating process is demonstrated to prepare over an area of 12 cm x 12 cm, four layers of uniform film overlay on top of each other for the devices except electrode in ambient air. A power conversion efficiency of approximate to 11% is achieved when this all slot-die coated film is used to fabricate device. This facile process can greatly reduce the cost, time and bypass post-annealing to fabricate high-efficiency large-area perovskite solar cells in ambient air.