期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17794-1
关键词
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资金
- Medical Research Council (MRC)
- Wellcome Trust [214322/Z/18/Z]
- Templeton World Charity Foundation
- Autism Research Trust
- National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care-East of England (CLAHRC-EoE)
- Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) [777394]
- European Union
- EFPIA
- Autism Speaks, Autistica, SFARI
- Rosetrees Trust
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust
- Corbin Charitable Trust
- Bowring Research Fellowship at St. Catharine's College, Cambridge
- Zuckerman STEM Leadership Program
- Academic Scholars Award from the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto
- Ontario Brain Institute via the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) Network [IDS-I l-02]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [PJT 159578]
- CIHR Sex and Gender Science Chair [GSB-171373]
- Slaight Family Child and Youth Mental Health Innovation Fund via the CAMH Foundation
- Autistica [7238] Funding Source: researchfish
- Rosetrees Trust [M853] Funding Source: researchfish
- Wellcome Trust [214322/Z/18/Z] Funding Source: researchfish
It is unclear whether transgender and gender-diverse individuals have elevated rates of autism diagnosis or traits related to autism compared to cisgender individuals in large non-clinic-based cohorts. To investigate this, we use five independently recruited cross-sectional datasets consisting of 641,860 individuals who completed information on gender, neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses including autism, and measures of traits related to autism (self-report measures of autistic traits, empathy, systemizing, and sensory sensitivity). Compared to cisgender individuals, transgender and gender-diverse individuals have, on average, higher rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses. For both autistic and non-autistic individuals, transgender and gender-diverse individuals score, on average, higher on self-report measures of autistic traits, systemizing, and sensory sensitivity, and, on average, lower on self-report measures of empathy. The results may have clinical implications for improving access to mental health care and tailoring adequate support for transgender and gender-diverse individuals. It is unclear if rates of autism and other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses are elevated in transgender and gender-diverse individuals compared to cisgender individuals. Here, the authors use data from five different large-scale datasets to identify elevated rates of autism diagnoses, diagnoses of other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric conditions, and elevated traits related to autism in transgender and gender-diverse individuals, compared to cisgender individuals.
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