期刊
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
卷 210, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2020.110521
关键词
CdTe; Thin film photovoltaics; MgxZn1-xO; Reactive sputtering; Stability
资金
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [CBET-1706149]
- NSF [1540007, 1726898]
- EPSRC [EP/N026438/1]
- NSF AIR program
- NSF I/UCRC program
- US DOE PVRD program
- NSF AIR-RA program [1538733]
- US Department of Energy SIPS award [DE-EE0008177]
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC36-08GO28308]
- Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC
- U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technology Office
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fuel Cell Technologies Program, as a part of HydroGEN Energy Materials Network [DEAC36-08GO28308]
- EPSRC [EP/N026438/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Magnesium zinc oxide (MZO) is a promising front contact material for CdTe solar cells. Due to its higher band gap than traditional CdS, MZO can reduce parasitic absorption to significantly increase short-circuit current density while also providing a benefit of conduction band offset tuning through Mg:Zn ratio optimization. MZO has been successfully implemented into CdTe devices, however its stability has been of concern. The MZO stability issue has been attributed to the presence of oxygen in the CdTe device processing ambient, leading to double-diode behavior (S-kink) in the current density-voltage curves. Here we report on MZO thin films deposited by reactive co-sputtering. The reactively co-sputtered MZO thin films have encouraging stability, show no significant variation in work function of the surface over a period of 6 months, as measured by Kelvin probe. Energy conversion efficiencies of around 16% have been achieved both with and without presence of oxygen in device processing ambients across multiple research facilities. These efficiencies should be possible to increase further by tuning of the thin film deposition and device processing parameters, especially through optimization of the back contact.
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