期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 728, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138848
关键词
Arid lands; Saline lake; Algal mat; Groundwater role; Flow-through lake; Stable isotopes
资金
- Departamento de Desarrollo Rural y Sostenibilidad (Gobierno de Aragon, Spain) [ZB51459, ZB61539]
- European Union through the Interreg-POCTEFA territorial cooperation program [EFA210/16/PIRAGUA]
- Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (Spain)
- European Funds for Regional Development (European Union) [CGL2015-68993-R]
Most of the athalassic saline and hypersaline lakes are located in arid and semiarid regions where water availability drives the hydrological dynamics of the lake itself and the associated ecosystems. This is the case of the Salada de Chiprana Lake, in the Ebro River basin (Spain). It is the only athalassic permanent hypersaline lake in Western Europe, and where rare and endangered bacterial mats exist. This work presents a robust hydrogeological conceptual model for the lake system. The model evaluates the contribution of groundwater discharge to the whole water budget and explains the hydrological behaviour of the lake system. The lake behaves as a flow-through system rather than a closed basin. About 40% of total water outflow from the lake occurs as groundwater, whereas evaporation accounts for the remaining 60%. The surface water inflows are variable, but the groundwater contribution seems almost constant, amounting to 13% of the average total water inflow and contributing 1.9% of salt income. The high water salinity of the lake is controlled by evaporation, by saline water inflows from irrigation return flows, and the by groundwater outflows. The role of groundwater should be taken into account when drafting the water and land planning, once the conditions for the conservation of the algal mats are defined. A major contribution of this study is the water balance in the Salada de Chiprana Lake, which is consistent with a robust hydrogeological conceptual model defined upon scarce hydrogeological, hydrochemical and isotopic data in the local context as conditioned by the regional behaviour. The water balance is a key tool to help to correctly manage this unique athalassic saline lake, and the approach used here can be extrapolated to other similar ecosystems around the world.
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