Application of stable isotopes to the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of arsenic in aquatic organisms around a closed realgar mine

The bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of As along foodwebs in freshwater ecosystems remain largely unknown. In this study, multiple environmental and biological samples were collected from a closed realgar mining area in South China. The As concentrations in the surface water, sediments and soils in the mining area were 0.62-3293 mu g/L, 9.53-4543 mg/kg and 7.32-5008 mg/kg, respectively, and gradually decreased with distance from the central mining sites, indicating that historic As mining activities had an eminent impact on As contamination around themine. The As concentrations in aquatic organisms ranged from 0.60 mg/kg to 45.75 mg/kg and varied markedly among sites and species, reflecting the influence of various physiologic and environmental factors. Arsenic species identified by liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICPMS) weremainly organic, comprising 8% to 66% of the total As. Both the proportions and concentrations of inorganic As were positively correlated with total As. This correlation could be attributed to the higher assimilation and accumulation of inorganic As or the lower biotransformation ability of inorganic As with the increasing total As in the studied organisms. Values of delta C-13 and delta N-15 in aquatic organisms ranged from -30.59% to -15.07% and from 4.31% to 12.98%, respectively, indicating multiple trophic levels and variety in the diet sources of these organisms. The delta N-15 increased distinctly in the order of planktivorous