期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 117, 期 31, 页码 18251-18257出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1922349117
关键词
tree rings; Yellow River; runoff reconstruction; sediment load; water consumption
资金
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) [QYZDJ-SSW-DQC021]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41630531]
- CAS [XDB40010300, XDA23070202, GJHZ1777, DQGG0104, 2016361]
- Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology
The Yellow River (YR) is the fifth-longest and the most sediment-laden river in the world. Frequent historical YR flooding events, however, have resulted in tremendous loss of life and property, whereas in recent decades YR runoff and sediment load have fallen sharply. To put these recent changes in a longer-term context, we reconstructed natural runoff for the middle reach of the YR back to 1492 CE using a network of 31 moisture-sensitive treering width chronologies. Prior to anthropogenic interference that started in the 1960s, the lowest natural runoff over the past 500 y occurred during 1926 to 1932 CE, a drought period that can serve as a benchmark for future planning of YR water allocation. Since the late 1980s, the low observed YR runoff has exceeded the natural range of runoff variability, a consequence of the combination of decreasing precipitation and increasing water consumption by direct and indirect human activities, particularly agricultural irrigation. This reduced runoff has resulted in an estimated 58% reduction of the sediment load in the upper reach of the YR and 29% reduction in the middle reach.
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