Age and sex-adjusted incidence and yearly prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Mazandaran province, Iran: An 11-years study

Introduction The incidence rate of MS is a valuable indicator of the recent changes in the risk of this disease, and it is widely implicated for health planning purposes. Objectives This study aims to determine the MS incidence over the past eleven years in Mazandaran province and to compare it with the other parts of Iran and the world. Materials and methods This retrospective study is conducted in Mazandaran province by using registered data in the files of the patients with their consent. The yearly crude incidence rates, age, and sex-specific incidence rates and directly standardized incidence rates of this population are calculated, and the temporal changes in the incidence rates are analyzed. Results 662 (26%) male patients with the mean (SD) age of 32.6 (9.48) and 1884 (74%) female patients with the mean (SD) age of 31.9 (9.15) are studied. The direct standardized incidence rate of MS was 3.28 in 100.000 in 2008 and reached 4.17 in 100.000 in 2018, and this increase was significant (p<0.05). Also, the yearly prevalence of MS increased from 24.4 to 72.5 in this period. Conclusions The MS incidence has increased in Mazandaran. The potential role of some genetic or environmental factors needs further investigation.