期刊
NEUROSCIENTIST
卷 27, 期 4, 页码 388-426出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1073858420943192
关键词
organoids; brain development; Zika virus; neurological disorders; Parkinson's disease; Alzheimer's disease; microcephaly
资金
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Network Projects [BSC0115, BSC0111]
- Lady Tata Memorial-U.K. Young Scientist Grant, Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB)-New Delhi, EMR Grant [EMR/2016/001933]
- Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi Research Grant [BT/PR15819/MED/31/322/2015]
- Department of Biotechnology, National Bioscience Award Research Grant [BT/HRD/NBA/38/07/2018]
- Senior Research Fellowship UGC, New Delhi
Brain organoids, as 3D model systems, have been developed to study human brain development and neurological disorders. Despite their limitations, researchers are hopeful that future advancements with brain organoids could provide insights into the generation of neuronal circuitry complexity and reproducible creation of different human brain regions.
Unravelling the complexity of the human brain is a challenging task. Nowadays, modern neurobiologists have developed 3D model systems called brain organoids to overcome the technical challenges in understanding human brain development and the limitations of animal models to study neurological diseases. Certainly like most model systems in neuroscience, brain organoids too have limitations, as these minuscule brains lack the complex neuronal circuitry required to begin the operational tasks of human brain. However, researchers are hopeful that future endeavors with these 3D brain tissues could provide mechanistic insights into the generation of circuit complexity as well as reproducible creation of different regions of the human brain. Herein, we have presented the contemporary state of brain organoids with special emphasis on their mode of generation and their utility in modelling neurological disorders, drug discovery, and clinical trials.
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