WO3 thin films doped with Ru by facile chemical method with enhanced electrochromic properties for electrochromic window application

We report on WO3 thin films observed as platelets doped with Ruthenium (Ru) in various doping concentrations and synthesized using a facile surfactant free acid precipitation method. The synthesized thin films annealed at 500 degrees C for an hourrevealedchanges in morphology from plate-like structure to agglomerated nanoparticles after doping of Ru (0.05 and 0.1 wt%) in WO3. The resulting Ru doped WO3 thin films reveals two times improved performance in cycle stability and diffusion coefficient is increased by ten times as compared to synthesized pristine WO3 thin films and these are discussed in terms of Ru doping effect in host matrix which induced compositional inhomogeneity, morphological change and disorder to show a fast switching response (coloration time; T-c = 2.28 s and beaching time; T-b = 1.98 s) and high reversibility 87% with coloration efficiency of 67 cm(2)/C and retention after 1000 cycles.