Frozen-State Polymerization as a Tool in Conductivity Enhancement of Polypyrrole

Polypyrrole (PPy) is oxidatively polymerized in the frozen state at -24 degrees C in the presence of various organic dyes as morphology guiding agents in order to form homogeneous 1D PPy nanoforms. The freezing polymerization of pyrrole has a significant influence on the electrical conductivity and thermal stability but negligible influence on the yield compared to widely used room temperature polymerization.