期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
卷 223, 期 18, 页码 -出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.228239
关键词
Temperature clines; Temperature-dependent selection; Molecular dynamics; Temperature adaptation; Cold narcosis; Geographic distribution; Cline; Allozyme
类别
资金
- Science Achievement Scholarship of Thailand [0517.091/SAST 1293]
- 90th Anniversary Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund of Chulalongkorn University
- Australian Research Council [DP180101696, DP190101500]
- New Zealand Rutherford Discovery Fellowship
In honeybees there are three alleles of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase gene: F, M and S. Allele frequencies are correlated with environmental temperature, suggesting that the alleles have temperature-dependent fitness benefits. We determined the enzyme activity of each allele across a range of temperatures in vitro. The F and S alleles have higher activity and are less sensitive to high temperatures than the M allele, which loses activity after incubation at temperatures found in the thorax of foraging bees in hot climates. Next, we predicted the protein structure of each allele and used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate their molecular flexibility. The M allozyme is more flexible than the S and F allozymes at 50 degrees C, suggesting a plausible explanation for its loss of activity at high temperatures, and has the greatest structural flexibility at 15 degrees C, suggesting that it can retain some enzyme activity at cooler temperatures. MM bees recovered from 2 h of cold narcosis significantly better than all other genotypes. Combined, these results explain clinal variation in malate dehydrogenase allele frequencies in the honeybee at the molecular level.
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