期刊
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
卷 33, 期 10, 页码 1371-1386出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13676
关键词
allochronic isolation; dormancy; phenology; respirometry; Tephritidae
资金
- National Science Foundation, Division of Environmental Biology [1638951, 1638997, 1639005]
- International Atomic Energy Agency
- National Science Foundation, Division of Integrative Organismal Systems [1257298, 170773]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1639005] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1638951, 1638997] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1257298] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
For insect species in temperate environments, seasonal timing is often governed by the regulation of diapause, a complex developmental programme that allows insects to weather unfavourable conditions and synchronize their life cycles with available resources. Diapause development consists of a series of distinct phases including initiation, maintenance, termination and post-diapause development. The evolution of insect seasonal timing depends in part on how these phases of diapause development and post-diapause development interact to affect variation in phenology. Here, we dissect the physiological basis of a recently evolved phenological shift inRhagoletis pomonella(Diptera: Tephritidae), a model system for ecological divergence. A recently derived population ofR. pomonellashifted from specializing on native hawthorn fruit to earlier fruiting introduced apples, resulting in a 3-4 week shift in adult emergence timing. We tracked metabolic rates of individual flies across post-winter development to test which phases of development may act either independently or in combination to contribute to this recently evolved divergence in timing. Apple and hawthorn flies differed in a number of facets of their post-winter developmental trajectories. However, divergent adaptation in adult emergence phenology in these flies was due almost entirely to the end of the pupal diapause maintenance phase, with post-diapause development having a very small effect. The relatively simple underpinnings of variation in adult emergence phenology suggest that further adaptation to seasonal change in these flies for this trait might be largely due to the timing of diapause termination unhindered by strong covariance among different components of post-diapause development.
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