期刊
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
卷 105, 期 9, 页码 2929-2938出版社
ENDOCRINE SOC
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa311
关键词
vitamin D; falls; primary prevention
资金
- National Institute of Arthritis Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS/NIH) [R01 AR059775, R01 AR070854]
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Office of Dietary Supplements
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (VITAL) [U01 CA138962, R01 CA138962]
- NHLBI [R01CA138962]
Context: It is unclear whether vitamin D supplementation reduces risk of falls, and results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are conflicting. Objective: The objective of this work is to determine whether 2000 IU/day of supplemental vitamin D 3 decreases fall risk. Design: VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT including 25 871 adults, randomly assigned November 2011 to March 2014 and treated for 5.3 years (median). Setting: This is a nationwide study. Participants: Men 50 years or older and women 55 years or older (mean age, 67.1 years) without cancer or cardiovascular disease at baseline participated in this study. Interventions: Interventions included vitamin D-3 (cholecalciferol; 2000 IU/day) and/or omega-3 fatty acids (1 g/day) or respective placebos in a 2 x 2 factorial design. Main Outcome Measures: Main outcome measures include 2 or more falls and falls resulting in a doctor or hospital visit. Results: Baseline serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was 77 nmol/L; characteristics were well-balanced between groups. Numbers of participants with 2 or more falls were similar between active and placebo groups (9.8% vs 9.4%). Over 5 years, there were no differences in the proportion having 2 or more falls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90-1.05, P=.50), falls resulting in a doctor visit (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 0.94-1.13, P=.46), or resulting in a hospital visit (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.90-1.19, P=.61) between groups. Results did not differ between those with baseline 25(OH)D less than 50 vs 50 nmol/L or greater or other cut points. Conclusion: Daily supplemental vitamin D-3 vs placebo did not decrease fall risk in generally healthy adults not selected for vitamin D insufficiency. This large RCT does not indicate that supplemental vitamin D should be used for primary prevention of falls in the US population.
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