Rock typing and hydraulic flow units as a successful tool for reservoir characterization of Bentiu-Abu Gabra sequence, Muglad basin, southwest Sudan

The present study aims at conducting a detailed reservoir characterization of the Early Cretaceous Bentiu and Abu Gabra formations in Muglad basin which is one of the most prospective hydrocarbon basins in South Kordofan, SW Sudan. This can be achieved through integration between well logging (conventional), petrography (thin sections, and scanning electron microscopy SEM), and core data. Based on this integrated study, the Abu Gabra-Bentiu sequence is composed of two reservoir rock types (RRTs). RRT1 is composed of quartz arenite, whereas RRT2 is composed of quartz wacke. The best storage and flow capacities and the best reservoir quality are assigned for RRT1 due to its good to excellent porosity (20.0 <= empty set <= 34.1%), permeability (138 <= k <= 4140 md), reservoir quality index (0.61 <= RQI <= 2.91 mu m), and flow zone indicator (2.37 <= FZI <= 6.12 mu m) values. This rock type is mostly assigned to two hydraulic flow units (HFU-1, and HFU-2) of Bentiu Formation which comprises 95% of the flow capacity of the sequence. The average reservoir parameters of the studied sequence, including shale volume, effective porosity and hydrocarbon saturation, equal to 31.6, 16.2 and 39.5%, respectively with 29.5 m as a total net-pay thickness. Petrographically, the relatively low contribution of the Abu Gabra Formation is due to its authigenic mineral content, compaction, and cementation.