4.7 Review

Aptamers against Immunoglobulins: Design, Selection and Bioanalytical Applications

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出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165748

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aptamer; antibody; immunoglobulin; diagnostic; probe design

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  1. BME Nanotechnology and Materials Science TKP2020 IE grant of NKFIH Hungary (BME IE-NAT TKP2020)

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Nucleic acid aptamers show clear promise as diagnostic reagents, as highly specific strands were reported against a large variety of biomarkers. They have appealing benefits in terms of reproducible generation by chemical synthesis, controlled modification with labels and functionalities providing versatile means for detection and oriented immobilization, as along with high biochemical and temperature resistance. Aptamers against immunoglobulin targets-IgA, IgM, IgG and IgE-have a clear niche for diagnostic applications, therefore numerous aptamers have been selected and used in combination with a variety of detection techniques. The aim of this review is to overview and evaluate aptamers selected for the recognition of antibodies, in terms of their design, analytical properties and diagnostic applications. Aptamer candidates showed convincing performance among others to identify stress and upper respiratory tract infection through SIgA detection, for cancer cell recognition using membrane bound IgM, to detect and treat hemolytic transfusion reactions, autoimmune diseases with IgG and detection of IgE for allergy diseases. However, in general, their use still lags significantly behind what their claimed benefits and the plethora of application opportunities would forecast.

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