An experimental investigation of the performance, emission and combustion stability of compression ignition engine powered by diesel and ammonia solution (NH4OH)

This study presents experimental examinations of a stationary single-cylinder compression ignition dual fuel engine for the combustion of diesel fuel with water ammonia solution. The effect of 25% water ammonia solution on the combustion, performance, emissions and stability of the dual fuel compression ignition engine was investigated, taking into account its different operating conditions. The experiments were carried out for three modes of engine operation with three loads (35%, 60% and 100%) and a change in the water ammonia solution energy fraction at 60% load, within the range from 0% to 17%. Co-combustion of diesel fuel with water ammonia solution in the test engine contributed to an increase in the ignition delay period and combustion duration, and to an increase in the heat release rate. Compared to the combustion of diesel fuel alone, combustion involving ammonia causes deterioration in the stability of the test engine operation, yet not exceeding the permissible stability indices for reciprocating combustion engines. Addition of water ammonia solution led to reduced nitrogen oxide emissions and increasing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions and did not result in significant changes in carbon dioxide emissions.

Automated summary

The study found that co-combustion of water ammonia solution with diesel fuel increased ignition delay period and combustion duration, as well as raised heat release rate. Combustion involving ammonia caused deterioration in engine stability, but did not exceed permissible stability levels. Additionally, the addition of water ammonia solution reduced nitrogen oxide emissions, increased carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emissions, with no significant changes in carbon dioxide emissions.