Removal of Cr(VI) using co-immobilized activated carbon and Bacillus subtilis: fixed-bed column study

Fixed-bed column studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of co-immobilized (activated carbon and Bacillus subtilis) (CI) beads for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The impact of various parameters such as initial Cr(VI) concentrations (100, 150, and 200 mg/L), flow rate (3, 9, and 15 mL/min), and bed depth (10, 15, and 20 cm) on Cr(VI) adsorption onto CI beads were investigated. The breakthrough time increased with a decrease in initial Cr(VI) concentration and flow rate, and an increase in bed height. The breakthrough data obtained for Cr(VI) removal was more adequately described by the Thomas model with high correlation coefficients (R (2) = 0.982). The eluent, 0.1 M NaOH, provided high elution efficiencies (similar to 90 %) in all the six cycles. Obtained results pointed out that CI beads could potentially be used for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution.