4.5 Article

The Use of Imagery and GIS Techniques to Evaluate and Compare Seagrass Dynamics across Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales

期刊

ESTUARIES AND COASTS
卷 45, 期 4, 页码 1028-1044

出版社

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12237-020-00773-6

关键词

Seagrass; Aerial imagery; Tampa Bay; Fragmentation; Spatial scale; GIS

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A retrospective study using aerial imagery and GIS techniques conducted fine-scale seagrass mapping, revealing the spatial heterogeneity and changes within seagrass habitats. Results showed that fine-scale mapping had less seagrass compared to broad-scale mapping, as well as detecting previously unrecognized seagrass distribution. These findings suggest the importance of using appropriate scales for mapping to accurately represent seagrass habitats.
Using aerial imagery and GIS techniques, a retrospective study conducted fine-scale (1.0 m(2)resolution) seagrass mapping to document the spatial heterogeneity within seagrass habitats previously mapped at a broad scale (0.202 ha resolution). Thirty randomly selected estuarine habitats in Tampa Bay, Florida, were manually interpreted and digitized using 0.3 m resolution imagery from 2004, 2006, and 2008. Seagrass patches and patterns of seagrass change were quantified at multiple levels of spatial organization and multiple temporal scales. Habitats classified as patchy seagrass were found to contain, on average, 52.7% less seagrass when mapped using the patch-based, fine-scale approach compared to broad-scale map data. In higher-resolution mapping, seagrass was increasingly differentiated from bare sediment and the amount of seagrass quantified within the study's extent was reduced compared to broad-scale mapping, which included some bare area in estimates of seagrass cover. Additionally, fine-scale mapping detected the presence of seagrass on tidal flat habitat that was previously considered unvegetated in broad-scale mapping. These findings can be used to improve the definitions of broad-scale mapping classes and suggest the selection of smaller ratio digitizing scales when mapping complex or sparsely covered seagrass habitats. Overall, fine-scale mapping at a large spatial extent provided insights into the patterning and rate of seagrass gap formation and fragmentation, appears to be a reasonable method for local studies or resource disturbance assessments, and has potential applications as a training tool for further advancement of semi-automated classification techniques.

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