期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
卷 262, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114359
关键词
Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Glyphosate; Mitochondria; Iron homeostasis; QTL analysis; GBH
资金
- National Institutes of Health (WV-INBRE) [P20 GM103434]
- National Institutes of Health (NIGMS) [U54 GM-104942]
- National Science Foundation [MCB-1614573]
- United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2018-67014-27469]
- WVU PSCoR
Glyphosate-based herbicides, the most extensively used herbicides in the world, are available in an enormous number of commercial formulations with varying additives and adjuvants. Here, we study the effects of one such formulation, Credit41, in two genetically diverse yeast strains. A quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis between a sensitive laboratory strain and a resistant strain linked mitochondrial function to Credit41 resistance. Two genes encoding mitochondrial proteins identified through the QTL analysis were HFA1, a gene that encodes a mitochondrial acetyl CoA carboxylase, and AAC3, which encodes a mitochondrial inner membrane ATP/ADP translocator. Further analysis of previously studied whole-genome sequencing data showed that, although each strain uses varying routes to attain glyphosate resistance, most strains have duplications of mitochondrial genes. One of the most well-studied functions of the mitochondria is the assembly of Fe-S clusters. In the current study, the expression of iron transporters in the transcriptome increased in cells resistant to Credit41. The levels of iron within the cell also increased in cells exposed to Credit41 but not pure glyphosate. Hence, the additives in glyphosate-based herbicides have a significant contribution to the negative effects of these commercial formulations on biological systems. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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