期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN CELL BIOLOGY
卷 65, 期 -, 页码 66-71出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.02.008
关键词
Membrane contact sites; Lipid transfer proteins; Chorein_N motif
类别
资金
- NIGMS [R35 GM131715]
Membrane contact sites, where two organelles are in close proximity, are critical regulators of cellular membrane homeostasis, with roles in signaling, lipid metabolism, and ion dynamics. A growing catalog of specialized lipid transfer proteins carry out lipid exchange at these sites. Currently characterized eukaryotic lipid transport proteins are shuttles that typically extract a single lipid from the membrane of the donor organelle, solubilize it during transport through the cytosol, and deposit it in the acceptor organelle membrane. Here, we highlight the recently identified chorein_N family of lipid transporters, including the Vps13 proteins and the autophagy protein Atg2. These are elongated proteins that, distinct from previously characterized transport proteins, bind tens of lipids at once. They feature an extended channel, most likely lined with hydrophobic residues. We discuss the possibility that they are not shuttles but instead are bridges between membranes, with lipids traversing the cytosol via the hydrophobic channel.
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