Effect of root surface treatment with denusomab after delayed tooth replantation

Objectives To evaluate denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody that mimics the effects of osteoprotegerin in bone metabolism, as a topical treatment of root surface to be used prior to delayed tooth replantation. Materials and methods Thirty-six rats' right incisors were used. Teeth were extracted and divided into: delayed replantation without root surface treatment (control); delayed replantation with root surface treatment with denosumab 60 mg/mL and 30 mg/mL, respectively, for 10 min both experimentals groups. After that, the root canals were filled with calcium hydroxide and replanted. After 15 and 60 days, the animals were euthanized, and the samples were collected and processed for microscopic analysis. Histological sections were performed, and stained with HE to describe the dental characteristics, measure ankylosis, replacement resorption, and dental resorption by conventional microscopy. Also, was performed Brown & Brenn staining and immunohistochemistry for RANKL, OPG, and periostin. Results Denosumab 60 mg/mL reducted ankylosis (p < 0.0001), replacement resorption (p < 0.0001), and tooth resorption, 60 days after replantation, compared to untreated replanted teeth (p < 0.005). Lower bacterial contamination in root surface in the denosumab treatment groups was found, regardless of the concentration used (p < 0.001). Also, denosumab treatment inhibited the expression of RANKL without modulating OPG. Periostin was observed in periodontal ligament of replanted tooth, although this labelling was absent in the ankylosis areas, in both experimental periods. Conclusion Treatment of the root surface with denosumab at 60 mg/mL of rat teeth before delayed replantation reduced dental root resorption compared with the untreated teeth after 60 days.

Automated summary

Treatment of rat teeth with denosumab on the root surface before delayed replantation reduced dental root resorption after 60 days. Denosumab treatment groups showed decreased ankylosis, lower bacterial contamination, and inhibition of RANKL expression after replantation.