期刊
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
卷 404, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.126469
关键词
Porous Zn scaffold; Na2O surface layer; Sodium affinity; Low nucleation energy; Sodium metal anode
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51871188, 51701169, 51931006]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0202602]
- Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China [2019J06003]
- Class Foundation of Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing Discipline of Xiamen University
The study introduces a new type of sodium metal anode material to address its issues, demonstrating excellent electrochemical performance and cycling stability. By surface coating a porous sodiophilic zinc metal framework with SnO2 layer, stable solid electrolyte interface layer and volume change regulation are achieved, providing new insights and methods for further research.
Sodium is regarded as a promising electrode material in the post lithium ion battery era due to its high theoretical specific capacity of 1166 mAh g(-1), low electrochemical potential (-2.71 V vs standard hydrogen electrode), low cost and high natural abundance. However, similar to lithium metal anode, sodium metal anode also shares the problems of uncontrollable dendrites growth, formation of unstable solid electrolyte interface and large volume change during repeated plating/stripping. Herein, a porous sodiophilic zinc metal framework modified with SnO2 surface layer is introduced on copper substrate and used as 3D current collector for sodium metal batteries in order to realize even deposition of Na, moderate the volume change and construct a stable solid electrolyte interface layer simultaneously. Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory are used to interpret the deposition behavior of the metallic Na on different current collectors. The electrochemical performance results show that the Cu/Zn/SnO2@Na symmetric cell can deliver an extremely low nucleation overpotential (0 mV), outstanding long-term rate performance over 1000 h and also can be cycled for around 700 h even at a high current density of 5 mA cm(-2) for total capacity of 5 mAh cm(-2). Cu/Zn/SnO2@Na//Na3V2(PO4)(3) full cell is also constructed to display the feasible application of the designed Cu/Zn/SnO2 porous current collector in advanced sodium metal anode.
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