期刊
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
卷 1866, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165767
关键词
Obesity; Cognitive impairment; Gut microbiome; Inflammation; Diet; Gut-brain axis
资金
- NHMRC [1126929]
- Australian Research Training Program award
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1126929] Funding Source: NHMRC
Poor diet and obesity are associated with cognitive impairment throughout adulthood, and increased dementia risk in aging. Here we review the current literature interrogating the mechanisms by which diets high in fat, or fat and sugar lead to cognitive impairment, focusing on changes to gut microbiome composition, inflammatory signalling and blood-brain barrier integrity. Preclinical studies indicate weight gain is not necessary for diet-induced cognitive impairment. Rather, gut microbiome composition, and systemic and central inflammatory processes appear to contribute to diet-induced cognitive impairment. While both obese humans and rodents exhibit reduced blood-brain barrier integrity, cognitive impairments precede these changes, suggesting other mechanisms may underly diet-induced cognitive changes. Other potential candidates include hormone, glucoregulatory and cardiovascular changes. Poor diet and obesity act through multiple mechanisms to affect cognitive health and the challenge for future research is to identify key processes that can be reversed to improve cognition and quality of life.
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