Clinical trials knowledge and attitudes of Vietnamese- and Anglo-Australian cancer patients: A cross-sectional study

Aim Low participation in cancer clinical trials by culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) patients limits access to cutting-edge treatments and generalizability of results. This is the first study exploring trials knowledge/attitudes and their association with trial participation in Vietnamese- and Anglo-Australian cancer patients. Methods Eligible patients diagnosed with cancer in the past 10 years were invited to complete a self-report questionnaire comprising validated measures of: trials knowledge and attitudes, preferred information amount, preferred decision-making involvement, health literacy, and past and future (i.e. hypothetical) trial participation. Multivariable linear regression evaluated correlates of trials knowledge/attitudes. Multinomial logistic regression estimated the relationship between trials knowledge/attitudes and possible future trial participation. Results Vietnamese-Australian participants (n = 50) had more negative attitudes regarding trials than Anglo-Australians (n = 100;B = -9.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], -17.60 to -0.97;P = 0.029), but similar knowledge (B = -0.91; 95% CI, -2.27 to 0.44;P = 0.18). Future trial participation was associated with positive attitudes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08; 95% CI, 1.04-1.12;P < 0.001) and greater knowledge (OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04-1.62;P = 0.02), but not Vietnamese background (OR = 0.95; 95% CI, 0.27-3.32;P = 0.93). Conclusion Despite poorer attitudes regarding trials in Vietnamese-Australians, Vietnamese background was not associated with less likely future trial participation, suggesting low trial participation by CALD patients may be more due to opportunity barriers. Improving knowledge and attitudes may increase trial participation generally.