期刊
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
卷 5, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/admt.201901037
关键词
graphene; hydration; potentiometry; solid-contact ion-selective electrode (ISE); urinalysis
资金
- National Science Foundation [CBET-1706994, ECCS-1841649]
- Nanovaccine Institute at Iowa State University [2901738]
- United States Department of State Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs [PS00267098]
Complex graphene electrode fabrication protocols including conventional chemical vapor deposition and graphene transfer techniques as well as more recent solution-phase printing and postprint annealing methods have hindered the wide-scale implementation of electrochemical devices including solid-state ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). Herein, a facile graphene ISE fabrication technique that utilizes laser induced graphene (LIG), formed by converting polyimide into graphene by a CO2 laser and functionalization with ammonium ion (NH4+) and potassium ion (K+) ion-selective membranes, is demonstrated. The electrochemical LIG ISEs exhibit a wide sensing range (0.1 x 10(-3)-150 x 10(-3) m for NH4+ and 0.3 x 10(-3)-150 x 10(-3) m for K+) with high stability (minimal drop in signal after 3 months of storage) across a wide pH range (3.5-9.0). The LIG ISEs are also able to monitor the concentrations of NH4+ and K+ in urine samples (29-51% and 17-61% increase for the younger and older patient; respectively, after dehydration induction), which correlate well with conventional hydration status measurements. Hence, these results demonstrate a facile method to perform in-field ion sensing and are the first steps in creating a protocol for quantifying hydration levels through urine testing in human subjects.
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