4.7 Article

Prethermalization without Temperature

期刊

PHYSICAL REVIEW X
卷 10, 期 2, 页码 -

出版社

AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevX.10.021046

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资金

  1. DFG [EXC 2147, 39085490, SFB 1143, 247310070]
  2. Harvard Society
  3. William F. Milton Fund
  4. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) via the DRINQS program
  5. PRACE [2016153659]

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While a clean, driven system generically absorbs energy until it reaches infinite temperature, it may do so very slowly exhibiting what is known as a prethermal regime. Here, we show that the emergence of an additional approximately conserved quantity in a periodically driven (Floquet) system can give rise to an analogous long-lived regime. This can allow for nontrivial dynamics, even from initial states that are at a high or infinite temperature with respect to an effective Hamiltonian governing the prethermal dynamics. We present concrete settings with such a prethernial regime, one with a period-doubled (time-crystalline) response. We also present a direct diagnostic to distinguish this prethermal phenomenon from its infinitely long-lived many-body localized cousin. We apply these insights to a model of the recent NMR experiments by Rovny et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 180603 (2018)] which, intriguingly, detected signatures of a Floquet time crystal in a clean three-dimensional material. We show that a mild but subtle variation of their driving protocol can increase the lifetime of the time-crystalline signal by orders of magnitude.

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