Electric Vehicle Charging Station Location towards Sustainable Cities

Electric vehicles, a significant part of sustainable transport, are attracting increasing attention with the development of sustainable cities. However, as supporting facilities of electric vehicles, public charging stations are of great significance to the promotion of electric vehicles. This paper proposes an electric vehicle charging station location model to improve the resource utilization of electric vehicles for sustainable cities. In this model, reservation services, idle rates during off-peak periods, and waiting time during peak periods are considered. Finally, a case from Chengdu, China, is used to examine the effectiveness of the proposed model. Then, further analyses of reservation ratios and penetration rates are conducted. The results show that the introduction of a reservation service has a positive effect on reducing the total cost, which would provide further support for sustainable cities and have an even greater impact on healthier lives.