Chemokine releasing particle implants for trapping circulating prostate cancer cells

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer in U.S. men and many other countries. Although primary PCa can be controlled with surgery or radiation, treatment options of preventing metastatic PCa are still limited. To develop a new treatment of eradicating metastatic PCa, we have created an injectable cancer trap that can actively recruit cancer cells in bloodstream. The cancer trap is composed of hyaluronic acid microparticles that have good cell and tissue compatibility and can extend the release of chemokines to 4 days in vitro. We find that erythropoietin (EPO) and stromal derived factor-1 alpha can attract PCa in vitro. Animal results show that EPO-releasing cancer trap attracted large number of circulating PCa and significantly reduced cancer spreading to other organs compared with controls. These results support that cancer trap may serve as a unique device to sequester circulating PCa cells and subsequently reduce distant metastasis.