期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 11, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16431-1
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资金
- Cumming School of Medicine
- Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute
- Snyder Institute of Chronic Diseases
- Canadian Institutes for Health Research
- Sick Kids Foundation
- W. Garfield Weston Foundation
- Koopmans Research Fund
- Canadian Lung Association
- Crohn's and Colitis Canada Chair in IBD Research
- Eyes High Doctoral Recruitment Scholarship
- Research Council of Norway FRIPRO Mobility Research Grant
- European Union's Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development
- Marie Curie grant
- Parker B Francis Fellowship
- Alberta Innovates
- NSERC BRAIN CREATE
- Human Frontier Science Program
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq/Brazil)
- University of Calgary
- Western Economic Diversification (WED)
- Alberta Economic Development and Trade (AEDT), Canada
The gut microbiome consists of a multi-kingdom microbial community. Whilst the role of bacteria as causal contributors governing host physiological development is well established, the role of fungi remains to be determined. Here, we use germ-free mice colonized with defined species of bacteria, fungi, or both to differentiate the causal role of fungi on microbiome assembly, immune development, susceptibility to colitis, and airway inflammation. Fungal colonization promotes major shifts in bacterial microbiome ecology, and has an independent effect on innate and adaptive immune development in young mice. While exclusive fungal colonization is insufficient to elicit overt dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis, bacterial and fungal co-colonization increase colonic inflammation. Ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation reveals that bacterial, but not fungal colonization is necessary to decrease airway inflammation, yet fungi selectively promotes macrophage infiltration in the airway. Together, our findings demonstrate a causal role for fungi in microbial ecology and host immune functionality, and therefore prompt the inclusion of fungi in therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating early life microbiomes. The immunomodulatory role of commensal gut fungi and interactions with bacteria remain unclear. Here, using germ-free mice colonized with defined species of bacteria and fungi, the authors find that fungal colonization induces changes in bacterial microbiome ecology while having an independent effect on innate and adaptive immunity in mice.
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