期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING, VOL 11
卷 11, 期 -, 页码 559-585出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-111919-091940
关键词
water reuse; fit-for-purpose water; produced water; advanced membrane materials; water chemistry; integrated processes
资金
- Center for Materials for Water and Energy Systems (M-WET), an Energy Frontier Research Center - US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0019272]
Alongside the rising global water demand, continued stress on current water supplies has sparked interest in using nontraditional source waters for energy, agriculture, industry, and domestic needs. Membrane technologies have emerged as one of the most promising approaches to achieve water security, but implementation of membrane processes for increasingly complex waters remains a challenge. The technical feasibility of membrane processes replacing conventional treatment of alternative water supplies (e.g., wastewater, seawater, and produced water) is considered in the context of typical and emerging water quality goals. This review considers the effectiveness of current technologies (both conventional and membrane based), as well as the potential for recent advancements in membrane research to achieve these water quality goals. We envision the future of water treatment to integrate advanced membranes (e.g., mixed-matrix membranes, block copolymers) into smart treatment trains that achieve several goals, including fit-for-purpose water generation, resource recovery, and energy conservation.
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