期刊
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
卷 259, 期 -, 页码 313-318出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.027
关键词
Cholinesterase inhibition; Inflammation; X-rays irradiation; Bone development; Mesenchymal stem cells; Micromass culture
As a means to analyze anti-inflammatory effects by radiation and/or by cholinergic mechanisms, we found that cultured primary human osteoblasts express most cholinergic components. After X-ray irradiation, their level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was strongly elevated. As a 3D model, we cultured mesenchymal stem cells isolated from E11 mouse embryos as micromass nodules, and differentiated them into chondro-and osteoblasts. They were stimulated by 5 or 10 ng/ml of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha to mimic an inflammatory condition in vitro, before exposure to 2 Gy X-rays. Effects on chondro and osteoblasts of TNF-alpha, of X-rays, or both were analysed by Alcian Blue, or Alizarin Red staining, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was visualized histochemically. The results showed that treatment with TNF-a affected cartilage and bone formation in vitro, while X-rays reversed the effects of TNF-alpha. After irradiation, both AChE and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, a marker for bone mineralization, were raised, suggesting that X-rays stimulated cholinergic mechanisms during calcification. Notably, the TNF alpha-effects on cultures were also counterbalanced after AChE activity was blocked by BW284c51. These findings suggest a complex crosstalk between radiation, cholinergic and inflammatory mechanisms, which could have wide significances, e.g. for understanding rheumatoid arthritis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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