期刊
MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH
卷 56, 期 1, 页码 70-85出版社
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2020.1736976
关键词
Neuropsychiatric Inventory; zero-inflation; bivariate Poisson distribution; principal component analysis; Monte Carlo simulation
类别
资金
- Kavli Trust
PCA may not be suitable for analyzing psychiatric syndromes in dementia due to zero-inflation. A new method, ZIBP-PCA, was proposed to address this issue and provide a simpler and more interpretable component structure for characterizing the psychopathology of dementia.
Psychiatric syndromes in dementia are often derived from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) using principal component analysis (PCA). The validity of this statistical approach can be questioned, since the excessive proportion of zeros and skewness of NPI items may distort the estimated relations between the items. We propose a novel version of PCA, ZIBP-PCA, where a zero-inflated bivariate Poisson (ZIBP) distribution models the pairwise covariance between the NPI items. We compared the performance of the method to classical PCA under zero-inflation using simulations, and in two dementia-cohorts (N = 830, N = 1349). Simulations showed that component loadings from PCA were biased due to zero-inflation, while the loadings of ZIBP-PCA remained unaffected. ZIBP-PCA obtained a simpler component structure of psychosis, mood and agitation in both dementia-cohorts, compared to PCA. The principal components from ZIBP-PCA had component loadings as follows: First, the component interpreted as psychosis was loaded by the items delusions and hallucinations. Second, the mood component was loaded by depression and anxiety. Finally, the agitation component was loaded by irritability and aggression. In conclusion, PCA is not equipped to handle zero-inflation. Using the NPI, PCA fails to identify components with a valid interpretation, while ZIBP-PCA estimates simple and interpretable components to characterize the psychopathology of dementia.
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