Nanoarchitectonics of Acicular Nanocrystal Assembly and Nanosheet Assembly for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Nanoarchitectonics of metal oxide nanocrystal electrodes were developed for lithium-ion batteries. The electrodes included copper nanoparticles and doped fluorine. For the acicular nanocrystals, charge-discharge reactions progressed at 1.8 V over 100 cycles at 100 and 10 mu A. A 15-mmdiameter battery containing acicular nanocrystals showed capacity, coulomb efficiency, and specific capacity, respectively of 20 mu Ah, 98%, and similar to 242 mAh/g at 100 mu A and 40 mu Ah, 99%, and 484 mAh/g at 10 mu A. The TiO2/SnO2 electrode consisted of a SnO2 sheet-assembled structure with surface layers of anatase TiO2. The TiO2/SnO2 battery operated at 1.3 (100 cycles) and 1.2 (50 cycles) V at 100 and 10 mu A, respectively; its capacity, coulomb efficiency, and specific capacity, respectively were 50 mu Ah, 98%, and 161 mAh/g at 100 mu A and 200 mu Ah, 97-98%, and 643 mAh/g at 10 mu A. The characteristic microstructure, chemical composition, and crystal faces of both materials contributed to battery performance.