期刊
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 388, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122044
关键词
Perfluoroalkyl substances; PFAS; Side-chain fluorinated polymer surfactants; Biosolids; Sludge; Wastewater treatment plants
资金
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division (Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC))
- ECCC's Chemicals Management Plan (CMP)
High concentrations of the main components in Scotchgard (TM) fabric protector products (pre-2002 and post-2002; side-chain fluorinated polymer surfactants, S1 and S2, respectively) were detected in biosolids samples from twenty pan-Canadian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Based on mass spectrometric analysis, S1 and S2 can be named as side-chain perfluorooctane sulfonamide-urethane polymer and side-chain perfluorobutane sulfonamide-urethane polymer, respectively. S1 (with C8F17 side-chain) concentrations ranged from 1.08-105 ng/g d.w. and S2 (with C4F9 side-chain) concentrations ranged from 37.5-2051 ng/g d.w., which were much higher than that of other commonly monitored perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). S1 and S2 concentrations were significantly correlated (p < 0.001; r(2) = 0.6142) indicating similar source origins. A negative linear correlation was observed (p < 0.05) between concentrations of S1 (or S2) with the volume of WWTP treated wastewater per day per person (m(3)/person/day). The total concentration of 22 other PFAS ranged from 4.93 to 92.6 ng/g d.w., and approximately thirty times lower than S1 and S2 concentrations. The calculated elemental fluorine concentrations of Sigma F-S1&S2 were generally much higher than the sum of the other PFAS. PFAS concentrations in biosolids are likely underestimated without consideration of S1 and S2.
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