期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 21, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093260
关键词
colorectal adenoma; colorectal cancer; biomarkers; early detection
资金
- Grant Agency of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic [AZVNV18-03-00199]
- Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [GACR18-09709S]
- Charles University Grant Agency [GAUK 302119]
- Charles University Research Centre program University Centre of Clinical and Experimental Liver Surgery [UNCE/MED/006]
- National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) [LO1503]
- COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [CA17118]
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant disease with an incidence of over 1.8 million new cases per year worldwide. CRC outcome is closely related to the respective stage of CRC and is more favorable at less advanced stages. Detection of early colorectal adenomas is the key to survival. In spite of implemented screening programs showing efficiency in the detection of early precancerous lesions and CRC in asymptomatic patients, a significant number of patients are still diagnosed in advanced stages. Research on CRC accomplished during the last decade has improved our understanding of the etiology and development of colorectal adenomas and revealed weaknesses in the general approach to their detection and elimination. Recent studies seek to find a reliable non-invasive biomarker detectable even in the blood. New candidate biomarkers could be selected on the basis of so-called liquid biopsy, such as long non-coding RNA, microRNA, circulating cell-free DNA, circulating tumor cells, and inflammatory factors released from the adenoma into circulation. In this work, we focused on both genetic and epigenetic changes associated with the development of colorectal adenomas into colorectal carcinoma and we also discuss new possible biomarkers that are detectable even in adenomas prior to cancer development.
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