期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 54, 期 10, 页码 6308-6318出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00726
关键词
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资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0208901]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [71722003, 71690244, 71622012, 71804082]
- Shanghai Sailing Program [18YF1417500]
- Start-up fund of the Thousand Youth Talents Plan [61050600216]
- Collaborative Innovation Centre for Regional Environmental Quality and Volvo Group in a research project of the Research Center for Green Economy and Sustainable Development of Tsinghua University
Large-scale population migration accompanied by rapid urbanization is expected to cause the spatial relocation of air pollution because of heterogeneous energy use and consumption preferences of rural versus urban areas in China. In this study, we adopted an integrated approach by combining a population migration model and environmentally extended input-output analysis to quantify impacts of rural-to-urban (RU) and urbanto-urban (UU) migrations on emissions of NOx, SO2, and primary PM2.5 in China. Results indicate that population migration increases NOx (1.42 Mt), SO2 (1.30 Mt), and primary PM2.5 (0.05 Mt) emissions, accounting respectively for 5.4, 4.8, and 0.4% of China's total in 2012. RU migration, involving 54% of the migrating population, significantly increases NOx and SO2 emissions because of high urban indirect per-capita emissions from consumption and investment. RU migration influences negligibly primary PM2.5 emissions reflecting the small rural-urban difference in per-capita emissions. Interestingly, UU migration, mostly from inland to coastal provinces, leads to a slight emission decrease for the three pollutants, attributable to the greener development in coastal cities. A significant emission growth can be traced back to heavy and utility industries, suggesting that future emission control of these sectors should reduce the exposure to air pollution of the growing urban population.
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