期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
卷 184, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109313
关键词
Nitrate-N pollution; Groundwater; Stream water; Agricultural area; Head watershed
资金
- Korea Ministry of Environment as The GAIA Project
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Korea government (MSIP) [NRF2017R1A2B2009033, NRF-2020R1A2B5B02002198]
This study characterized nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations in groundwater and stream water in an agricultural head watershed in South Korea and identified the pollution load of NO3-N as a result of the groundwater entering streams using field surveys, analyses of chemical constituents, and numerical modeling. The mean NO3-N concentration in groundwater was 7.373 mg/L, which is approximately 1.9 times higher than concentrations found in stream water. The groundwater and stream water samples belonged to the Ca-HCO3 type. The concentration of NO3-N in groundwater tended to increase in the lowland areas downstream. There was seasonal variations of NO3-N in both the groundwater and stream water samples, with increases in concentration during the dry season (January-April) and decreases during the we season (June-October). The NO3-N load in stream water to that in groundwater (R) was higher during the we season (September) than the dry season (March), with R distinctly increasing in upstream areas relative to downstream areas, indicating that during the we season, a large amount of NO3-N is introduced into stream water from groundwater. By analyzing the relationship between groundwater and stream water and through NO3-N transport modeling, it was revealed that in the watershed, the nitrate-N load in stream water is greatly augmented by inputs from groundwater, particularly in the middle and downstream areas.
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