4.5 Review

Imaging the Perivascular Space as a Potential Biomarker of Neurovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

期刊

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
卷 36, 期 2, 页码 289-299

出版社

SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s10571-016-0343-6

关键词

Perivascular space; Virchow-Robin space; Interstitial fluid drainage; Perivascular metabolic clearance; Alzheimer's disease; Dementia; Cerebrovascular disease

资金

  1. Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP) [13129, 142367]
  2. Alzheimer Society of Canada and Alzheimer Association (US)
  3. Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery (HSFCPSR)
  4. Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research program at Sunnybrook Research Institute
  5. Linda C. Campbell Foundation
  6. Canadian Vascular Network
  7. HSFCPSR
  8. Sunnybrook Research Institute
  9. Brill Chair in Neurology Department of Medicine
  10. Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
  11. University of Toronto, Department of Medicine (Neurology) Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
  12. Toronto Dementia Research Alliance

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Although the brain lacks conventional lymphatic vessels found in peripheral tissue, evidence suggests that the space surrounding the vasculature serves a similar role in the clearance of fluid and metabolic waste from the brain. With aging, neurodegeneration, and cerebrovascular disease, these microscopic perivascular spaces can become enlarged, allowing for visualization and quantification on structural MRI. The purpose of this review is to: (i) describe some of the recent pre-clinical findings from basic science that shed light on the potential neurophysiological mechanisms driving glymphatic and perivascular waste clearance, (ii) review some of the pathobiological etiologies that may lead to MRI-visible enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS), (iii) describe the possible clinical implications of ePVS, (iv) evaluate existing qualitative and quantitative techniques used for measuring ePVS burden, and (v) propose future avenues of research that may improve our understanding of this potential clinical neuroimaging biomarker for fluid and metabolic waste clearance dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neurovascular diseases.

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