期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
卷 79, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12665-020-08934-3
关键词
Groundwater; Arsenic; Paraiba do Sul river; Hydrogeochemistry; Physicochemical parameters
资金
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [001]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) [E-26/010.001984/2014]
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC)
This study assessed the presence of As in wells located near the lower Paraiba do Sul river, southeastern Brazil. Water samples were collected from 19 home wells and wells managed by the utility company in the region in June 2016 and February, May, and August 2017. The metalloid was detected in seven wells (37%). The most abundant ions in the wells were Cl-, Na+, SO42- and Ca2+ and the ions with the lowest concentrations were F- and Br-. The pH values were approximately 7.0 and redox potential and dissolved O-2 values were typical of reducing environments. Levels of As varied between 0.13 mu g L-1 and 38.8 mu g L-1, which are above the maximum allowable concentration for human consumption according to Brazilian and international regulations (10 mu g L-1). The presence of As in wells correlated positively with levels of sulfate and dissolved organic carbon, and correlated negatively with well depth. The results support that the oxidation of sulfide minerals is the process that favors mobilization of As to the groundwater, due to inputs from erosion and rainwater seepage through the soil. No significant seasonal changes were observed in As levels, with the lowest and highest value observed in August (2.61 mu g L-1) and June (10.24 mu g L-1), respectively. Principal component analysis revealed positive correlation between As levels and nitrite, and the negative correlation between As levels and redox potential and dissolved oxygen. This suggests that arsenite, which is the most soluble and toxic reduced form As, is the predominant chemical species in wells.
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