Designing and fabrication of electrochemical nanosensor employing fullerene-C-60 and bimetallic nanoparticles composite film for the detection of vitamin D-3 in blood samples

Designing an accurate, selective and easy to operate the electrochemical analytical device for versatile applications is an important challenge for today and tomorrow's biomedical science. Electrochemical oxidation of Vitamin D at a bare electrode is poor. To enhance the oxidation of vitamin D and determine its concentration in blood samples, herein we propose fullerene-C-60 and copper-nickel bimetallic nanoparticles nanocomposite film modified glassy carbon electrode as an electrochemical sensor. Fullerene-C-60 was manually dropped at GCE by a drop-casting method and then CuNPs and NiNPs were electrochemically deposited on fullerene modified GCE. The developed sensor was characterized by electrochemically and morphologically. The nanocomposite film of CuNPs-NiNPs@reduced-fullerene-C-60 on GCE exhibited a well-defined oxidation peak for the detection of vitamin D-3 with a high dynamic concentration range of 1.25-475 mu M and limit of detection of 0.0025 mu M. The influence of solvents, supporting electrolytes and composition of solvent on the electrochemical performance of the sensor was evaluated. Various kinetics parameters were also evaluated. Finally, the fabricated sensor employed for real samples that showed satisfactory results for the detection of vitamin D-3 in clinical and pharmaceutical samples.