An Overview of Piperazine Scaffold as Promising Nucleus for Different Therapeutic Targets

Piperazine scaffolds are a group of heterocyclic atoms having pharmacological values and showing significant results in pharmaceutical chemistry. Piperazine has a flexible core structure for the design and synthesis of new bioactive compounds. These flexible heterogenous compounds exhibit various biological roles, primarily anticancer, antioxidant, cognition enhancers, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV-1 inhibitors, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antidepressant, antianxiety and anticonvulsant activities, etc. In the past few years, researchers focused on the therapeutic profile of piperazine synthons for different biological targets. The present review highlights the development in designing pharmacological activities of nitrogen-containing piperazine moiety as a therapeutic agent. The extensive popularity of piperazine as a drug of abuse and their vast heterogeneity research efforts over the last years motivated the new investigators to further explore this area.