期刊
BUSINESS & INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
卷 63, 期 3, 页码 261-276出版社
SPRINGER VIEWEG-SPRINGER FACHMEDIEN WIESBADEN GMBH
DOI: 10.1007/s12599-020-00645-0
关键词
Predictive process monitoring; Business process management; Outcome prediction; Deep learning; Machine learning
资金
- Projekt DEAL
The study compared the performance of deep learning and machine learning techniques in predictive process monitoring, finding that deep learning generally outperforms classical machine learning techniques, especially in logs with high variant-to-instance ratio, imbalanced target variables, and high activity-to-instance payload ratio.
Predictive process monitoring aims at forecasting the behavior, performance, and outcomes of business processes at runtime. It helps identify problems before they occur and re-allocate resources before they are wasted. Although deep learning (DL) has yielded breakthroughs, most existing approaches build on classical machine learning (ML) techniques, particularly when it comes to outcome-oriented predictive process monitoring. This circumstance reflects a lack of understanding about which event log properties facilitate the use of DL techniques. To address this gap, the authors compared the performance of DL (i.e., simple feedforward deep neural networks and long short term memory networks) and ML techniques (i.e., random forests and support vector machines) based on five publicly available event logs. It could be observed that DL generally outperforms classical ML techniques. Moreover, three specific propositions could be inferred from further observations: First, the outperformance of DL techniques is particularly strong for logs with a high variant-to-instance ratio (i.e., many non-standard cases). Second, DL techniques perform more stably in case of imbalanced target variables, especially for logs with a high event-to-activity ratio (i.e., many loops in the control flow). Third, logs with a high activity-to-instance payload ratio (i.e., input data is predominantly generated at runtime) call for the application of long short term memory networks. Due to the purposive sampling of event logs and techniques, these findings also hold for logs outside this study.
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