Tuning electromechanics of dynamic ripple pattern in graphene monolayer

The manipulation of dynamic ripple pattern in graphene monolayer is investigated at a theory and quantitative level. High quality, stable ripple patterns are generated and maintained using interference from transverse waves in the graphene monolayer at room temperature. The dissipation of transverse waves due to edge reflections leads to low spatial and temporal quality of the graphene ripple pattern. The spatial quality of the ripple pattern is improved using oblique multi-reflection and the temporal quality is improved by overlaying dispersed waves in graphene sheet. According to our simulations and theoretical analysis, the pattern and the electronic properties of graphene ripple can be controlled by varying the interference angle and the vibrational source frequency. The dynamic ripple pattern is not compatible with devices over 3.0 THz due to chiral dispersion. Our results can provide a valuable guideline for design and implementation of surfing graphene ripples in nanoelectromechanical systems and devices. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.