HDAC4 Regulates the Proliferation, Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chicken Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells

Simple Summary Histone Deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) plays a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation, but the function of HDAC4 in the skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) of chickens is still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that knockdown of HDAC4 inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of chicken SMSCs but has no significant effect on its apoptosis. These results suggest that HDAC4 has an essential role in skeletal muscle growth and in the development of chicken. Abstract The development of skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) is a complex process that could be regulated by many genes. Previous studies have shown that Histone Deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in mouse. However, the function of HDAC4 in chicken muscle development is still unknown. Given that chicken is a very important meat-producing animal that is also an ideal model to study skeletal muscle development, we explored the functions of HDAC4 in chicken SMSCs after the interference of HDAC4. The results showed that HDAC4 was enriched in embryonic skeletal muscle, and it was highly expressed in embryonic muscle than in postnatal muscles. Meanwhile, knockdown of HDAC4 could significantly inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of chicken SMSCs but had no effect on the apoptosis of SMSCs as observed in a series of experiment conducted in vitro. These results indicated that HDAC4 might play a positive role in chicken skeletal muscle growth and development.