期刊
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
卷 11, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00072
关键词
infection; epidemiology; autoimmunity; neurodevelopment; maternal immune activation (MIA); influenza; schizophrenia
类别
资金
- Wellcome Trust [105758/Z/14/Z]
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley Foundation Trust and King's College London
- Medical Research Council (New Investigator Research Grant (NIRG)) [MR/N025377/1]
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre grant [MR/N026063/1]
- F. Hoffman La Roche Ltd
- UBC Biopharma SPRL
- Wellcome Trust [105758/Z/14/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- MRC [MR/N026063/1] Funding Source: UKRI
Associations between influenza infection and psychosis have been reported since the eighteenth century, with acute psychoses of influenza documented during multiple pandemics. In the late 20(th) century, reports of a season-of-birth effect in schizophrenia were supported by large-scale ecological and sero-epidemiological studies suggesting that maternal influenza infection increases the risk of psychosis in offspring. We examine the evidence for the association between influenza infection and schizophrenia risk, before reviewing possible mechanisms via which this risk may be conferred. Maternal immune activation models implicate placental dysfunction, disruption of cytokine networks, and subsequent microglial activation as potentially important pathogenic processes. More recent neuroimmunological advances focusing on neuronal autoimmunity following infection provide the basis for a model of infection-induced psychosis, potentially implicating autoimmunity to schizophrenia-relevant protein targets including the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Finally, we outline areas for future research and relevant experimental approaches and consider whether the current evidence provides a basis for the rational development of strategies to prevent schizophrenia.
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