Highly efficient cycloaddition of diluted and waste CO2 into cyclic carbonates catalyzed by porous ionic copolymers

It is believed that porous heterogeneous materials with excellent properties are promising candidates for efficient fixation of diluted and waste CO2. Herein, a family of mesoporous porous ionic copolymers (PIPs) was designed and prepared from the copolymerization of divinylbenzene (DVB) with vinyl-functionalized ionic liquids monomers through free radical copolymerization process. It was demonstrated that the heterogeneous PIP poly(divinylbenzene-l-allyl-tetramethylguanidinium bromide) PDVB-[AlTMG]Br-0.2 showed excellent activities in facile cycloaddition of CO2 into cyclic carbonates without using any external co-catalysts or metal additives. The results of characterizations and quantum mechanical calculations further showed that the specic hierarchical meso-macroporous structure of PDVB-[AlTMG]Br-0.2 offered the strongest binding interaction with SO and besides had a relatively good CO2 affinity, which results to the best cataltic activity for cycloaddition of CO2. Moreover, PDVB-[AlTM]Br-0.2 exhibited high activities and good reusability in cycloaddition of 15 % diluted CO2 with various epoxides. It is believed that our work would have a great potential in energy-effective fixation of industrial combustion CO2 into high-value organic carbonates.