Proteomics approach and techniques in identification of reliable biomarkers for diseases

Biomarkers, also called biological markers, are indicators to identify a biological case or situation as well as detecting any presence of biological activities and processes. Proteins are considered as a type of biomarkers based on their characteristics. Therefore, proteomics approach is one of the most promising approaches in this field. The purpose of this review is to summarize the use of proteomics approach and techniques to identify proteins as biomarkers for different diseases. This review was obtained by searching in a computerized database. So, different researches and studies that used proteomics approach to identify different biomarkers for different diseases were reviewed. Also, techniques of proteomics that are used to identify proteins as biomarkers were collected. Techniques and methods of proteomics approach are used for the identification of proteins' activities and presence as biomarkers for different types of diseases from different types of samples. There are three essential steps of this approach including: extraction and separation of proteins, identification of proteins, and verification of proteins. Finally, clinical trials for new discovered biomarker or undefined biomarker would be on. (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.