Two-photon-pumped high-quality, single-mode vertical cavity lasing based on perovskite monocrystalline films

Single-mode microlasers are of crucial importance for high-performance integrated photonic devices. However, it still remains a significant challenge to achieve single-mode microlasers conveniently. In this work, we propose a strategy to realize high-quality, single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) based on hybrid perovskite monocrystalline films. Under two-photon pump, the VCSEL exhibits excellent performances with a remarkable low threshold of similar to 421 mu J/cm(2), a high quality factor (Q factor) of similar to 1286 and a small divergence angle of similar to 0.5 degrees. Importantly, single-mode lasing with a good spatial coherence can be conveniently achieved with the VCSEL configuration, which significantly reduces the complexity for fabricating high-quality single-mode microlasers. In addition, switchable VCSEL can be realized by taking advantage of the anisotropic two-photon absorption of the hybrid perovskites. The single-mode vertical-cavity emission, excellent lasing performances, frequency up-conversion ability and switchable property will provide a versatile platform for high-performance nanosources and multifunctional integrated optoelectronic devices.