Energy Management for Hybrid AC/DC Distribution System With Microgrid Clusters Using Non-Cooperative Game Theory and Robust Optimization

This paper presents a novel coordinated energy management approach for hybrid AC/DC distribution system with microgrid clusters considering multiple market players, which is modeled as a bi-level optimization problem by using non-cooperative game theory and robust optimization. The hybrid AC/DC distribution network and each microgrid are regarded as different entities, which are in the upper/lower level of the model, respectively. Considering the uncertainty of renewable energy, two-stage robust optimization is added in the bi-level optimization problem to suppress the influence of uncertainty on power interaction and achieve the minimum operation costs of each entity under uncertainty. Furthermore, In the upper level model, hybrid AC/DC distribution network can control power flow in real time, promote power interaction between entities, and reduce operation cost under uncertainty by using effective control of converter station and diesel generator. And each microgrid has dealt with the impact of uncertainty on the power interaction by reasonably managing the charge/discharge of energy storage, which realizes its own minimum operation cost. The proposed model can be transformed into mathematical programming with complementarity constraints (MPCC) by using Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. Finally, numerical cases on an improved IEEE 33-bus hybrid AC/DC distribution system show the effectiveness of the proposed method.